Biotech and Dollar Purchases

Ok, to me it looks rather like Brazil is about to start rocking and rolling. Two stories in today from Bloomberg seem interesting:

Brazil to Invest 10 Billion Reais in Biotechnology

Brazil plans to invest 10 billion reais ($4.77 billion) in biotechnology over the next decade to fuel growth in agriculture, pharmaceuticals and other industries.

Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva signed a decree today creating the program to invest 1 billion reais annually for 10 years. Lula also called on companies to match the government's investments.

The cash will be used to fund research and development of a new strain of sugarcane that is resistant to droughts, a vaccine for rabies and other projects. By stepping up biotechnology funding, Brazil, the world's biggest grower of sugarcane, oranges and coffee and home to 20 percent of the planet's living species, aims to meet rising demand for its crops and reduce its dependence on foreign pharmaceutical makers such as Pfizer Inc.

``Brazil has strengths that put us in a position to stand out in these new technologies,'' said Lula, 61, during a ceremony today at the presidential palace in Brasilia. ``This policy will help Brazil realize this potential.''


Brazil Real Falls as Central Bank Steps Up Dollar Purchases


Brazil's real fell for a second day on speculation the central bank is stepping up its efforts to halt the currency's rally by buying more dollars and planning sales of reverse currency swap contracts.

Central bankers have bought dollars since July to help exporters whose profit margins have been eroded by the real's four-year, 71 percent rally. Reverse currency swaps allow investors to hedge against a weaker dollar by locking in a fixed exchange rate to sell the U.S. currency in the future.

``The bank will probably act more aggressively now,'' said Jorge Knauer, manager of foreign exchange at Banco Prosper in Rio de Janeiro. ``There could be a sale of reverse currency swaps very soon in addition to heavier dollar purchases.''

Brazil Selling Reais-Denominated Bonds

Another interesting insight into the global liquidity situation, Brazil is able to sell 1.5 billion reais of 21-year local currency denominated bonds in international markets:

Brazil sold 1.5 billion reais ($717 million) of 21-year bonds in international markets, the government's longest local-currency, fixed-rate maturity ever.

The Treasury sold the bonds, which mature in January 2028, to yield 10.68 percent.

Today's sale is part of the government's effort to shift more of its debt into local currency securities and to lengthen the maturities on those bonds. Issuing bonds denominated in reais allows Brazil, the biggest debtor among developing nations, to protect against a sudden rise in borrowing costs should its currency weaken.

``With a Brazilian real issue the government relies less on U.S. dollar financing and becomes less sensitive'' to swings in the currency, said Jean-Dominique Butikofer, who helps manage about $725 million of emerging-markets debt at Union Bancaire Privee in Zurich.

Brazil first sold real-denominated debt in September 2005, when it issued $1.5 billion worth of bonds due in 2016. In September, it sold $750 million of local currency debt due in 2022. Strong demand for the securities led the Treasury to sell more of those bonds twice: in October, with the sale of $300 million of the bonds, and again in December, with the sale of $350 million.

Government Deficit Increases

Brazil's budget deficit widened in November as the government increased public spending and tax collection fell:

The deficit, including federal and local governments and state companies, widened to 6.52 billion reais ($3.03 billion) last month from 2.79 billion reais in October, according to a report distributed in Brasilia today.

The federal government transferred more cash to state governments in November to pay salaries and social benefits, said Altamir Lopes, head of the central bank's economic research department. The increase doesn't threaten the government's targets, he said.

``The higher costs won't stop us from reaching the fiscal targets for the year,'' Lopes told reporters in Brasilia.

The budget surplus before interest payments, known as the primary surplus, narrowed to 5.61 billion reais in November from 10.5 billion reais in October. That's more than the median forecast of 4.8 billion reais in a Bloomberg survey of 14 economists.

Brazil's President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva has pledged to post a primary surplus -- the surplus before debt payments -- of 4.25 percent of gross domestic product this year.

Brazil's net debt as a percentage of gross domestic product fell in November to 49.3 percent from 49.5 percent in October.

November Unemployment Falls

From Bloomberg:

Brazil's unemployment rate fell to 9.5 percent in November, the lowest rate in 10 months, the national statistics agency said.

Unemployment in Brazil's six largest metropolitan areas declined from 9.8 percent in October, the Rio de Janeiro-based agency said in a statement today. The rate was less than the median forecast of 9.7 percent in a Bloomberg survey of 20 economists. The jobless rate was 9.6 percent in November 2005.

Household monthly income, adjusted for inflation, rose 5.7 percent from the same month of last year to 1,056.60 reais ($489), the agency said. It increased 0.6 percent from October.

Industrial Output Rises 4.8 Percent in October

Brazil's industrial output rose 4.8 percent in October, which was the fastest pace in five months. It seems the impact of 12 interest rate cuts in a row are now beginning to filter down into the economy.

Output expanded 4.8 from the same month last year, compared with 1.3 percent rise in September, Brazil's National Statistics Agency said in Rio de Janeiro today. The increase was in line with the median 4.8 percent forecast in a Bloomberg survey of 21 economists.

``Recent economic reports, such as faster job creation in manufacturing, point to stronger industrial production in the fourth quarter and make me believe that the worst is over,'' Zeina Latif, an economist with ABN Amro Bank NV's Brazilian unit, said in a phone interview from Sao Paulo.

The central bank has slashed the benchmark lending rate 6.5 percentage points to 13.25 percent since September 2005 in a bid to bolster a flagging economic recovery. The lowest lending rates in at least two decades and the prospect of additional cuts in 2007 has begun to stoke consumer demand for goods such as cars, thus helping boost production, Latif said.

Registrations of new cars, sport utility vehicles and trucks made in Brazil and abroad rose 15 percent in November to 182,732, the highest level this year, after expanding 27 percent in October from a year earlier, the fastest pace in more than two years, according to the country's automakers association, known as Anfavea, in a report published today.

Manufacturing employment increased 3.3 percent in October from a year earlier, the fastest pace since in seven months, a Confederation of Brazilian Industry report said Dec. 5.